Resolving the problems of Translation
[Lily & Aaron Dun outside Fenway Park, one of America's most hallowed institutions]
My interim report on the SAP Survey of Social Media's Impact on Culture and Business noted that language was among the most vexing problems toward turning the vision of an online world where all people in all places could speak each other into a reality. Yet every day, I see and hear reports of how little baby steps are being taken in that direction.
Still, I wonder how many little baby steps are needed. To better understand the state of translation technologies, I turned to Aaron Dun, VP Marketing at Lionbridge Technologies, the world leader in online translation technologies.
1. There's a general perception that most translation software sucks. Why it is so hard to make it accurate? Why would you say Lionbridge's software is more reliable than say, Babblefish or Google Translate?
Let me make a very important clarification. What you are referring to as translation software is actually machine translation (MT) software. Generally, MT quality is not something you would use as a finished product in a true business setting. There are a few examples where MT has been used practically and effectively, but those are usually in combination with a human post-editing process. We could spend our entire dialog on MT strategies, but it would be a deeply technical discussion, perhaps better reserved for another day.
The majority of Lionbridge’s work is based on human translation services that we support with MT, as well as other technologies to deliver a high quality end product. Our Freeway™ online language management platform helps companies efficiently manage the translation process—getting us content easily, tracking it as it moves through the translation process, and then getting it back into their systems for publishing.
2. How does your system work and what are it's benefits?
In its simplest form, clients send us files of any type in one language, and we send them back 5, 20, 40, 100+ language versions in the same format.
Freeway is effective for our customers for three key reasons:
(1) It’s free. Our customers don't have to invest several hundred thousand dollars in software licenses.
(2) It’s fast. We automate the process of handing content off and streamline how clients get us the files, cutting days or weeks out of the process. Since it’s all online, it’s fast to set up.
(3) It’s flexible. We don’t require our clients to rearchitect their workflow to fit our needs. We can work with just about any data type or content management system (CMS).
These three attributes give our clients the operational agility to meet global objectives.
3. Lionbridge has been around a long time. It only recently turned attention to social media companies. Was this a strategic decision or did an opportunity just pop up? Can you tell me how important social media is to Lionbridge moving forward?
The phenomenon of social media is a relatively recent development and we were pretty early into it. As the largest translation services provider, our clients bring us complex challenge and social media is no different. We work with nearly every major social networking community to assist them with localizations.
4. Is the technology you use for social media the same or different from Freeway, your corporate translation platform? What are the technology challenges you face in social media platforms that are different than what you face with corporate customers?
Freeway is our central platform, so we use it across our business. Social media platforms have two main challenges. First they are highly complex web sites. But in that way, they are no different from eBay or Expedia, two of our clients
The second challenge centers on what to do with all of that user-generated content (UGC). Should it be translated? Are truly personal connections happening cross-culturally in ways that would require translation? For example, if I post on my friend’s page in German, ostensibly that friend also speaks German. Where this issue is starting to play out more urgently is in the retail sector where it is conceivable that a German review of a camera might be relevant to someone shopping in the US.
Once the need for translated UGC is firmly established, the “how” gets a bit tricky. Many people think that some sort of MT tool will be the answer; but your own personal experience is pretty indicative of the state of the technology today. MT generally works best in a structured environment where content is uniform and well-defined. That is, of course, the complete opposite of the typical content posted online by users.
At the same time, there is a general trend toward acceptance of less-than-perfect content. We are already sensitized to very casual conversations conducted over IM or through text messages. As a result, we do expect that a higher tolerance for relatively lower quality MT output is emerging in some well-defined settings.
Taken together, we expect a hybrid solution will evolve where there are levels of content on these sites, and levels of translation quality that match those levels, supported by an easy escalation path. So, perhaps the site structure will be professionally translated, the dynamic content will be translated by the community, and UGC will be translated on-demand through MT, or perhaps MT aided by translation memories.
5. You have deals with Hi5, MySpace, LiveMocha and Habbo. Can you give me a brief capsule of what Lionbridge does for each?
Generally, we help these companies localize the framework of the platform to push deeper into the global community. Jupiter Research just put out a report on Web Globalization, and one of the key graphics in it centers on where the world’s online population can be found. Clearly, China and other countries and languages are reducing English’s Web prominence. We are helping the communities push further into these world geographies.
In some cases, we are beginning to explore the UGC question and thinking deeply about the right model for this translation process. In other cases, not yet public, we are exploring ways to help social media companies engage their communities to participate in the translation process.
6. What are the particular challenges of social media translation technology?
The sites themselves are not terribly difficult. It’s the distributed nature of the content that is challenging. I don’t mean to oversimplify the problem, because the complexity of these sites is daunting. We just we have so much experience with them, we are well-versed in the challenges they present. In all cases, you need to deal with text expansion and shrinkage for different languages, and of course, right-to-left languages present different challenges, among many other specific web globalization challenges.
But with social media, you have dynamic content being developed across the platform and posted with dizzying speed. This often changes the dynamics of the pages themselves and impacts how the pages are set up, which impacts the localization process.
In addition, the sites tend to be updating and shifting structures rapidly. If the changes are developed with localization in mind, than these can be straightforward to manage, but if they are not, it can become very complex.
7. You use a human element in your service. How does this work in dynamic environments like MySpace?
While we use MT elements, nearly all of our projects are executed by professional translators. That means we engage a group of translators for a project based on their skills and experience. For ongoing engagements with social media clients, we may use the same group for consistency of tone and expertise.
We have a carefully culled “army” of around 25,000 translators in well over 100 languages. Last year, our army translated content into 145 languages. We are constantly evaluating their performance and expertise to make sure we have a high-quality pool from which to draw for any given project.
8. MySpace has announced a comeback and one of it's first forays is a brave one, and that is a Portuguese language version which will be heavily marketed in Brazil, where the conventional wisdom is that Google Orkut owns the social network. Does Lionbridge contribute something to the new MySpace that you think will give it a fighting chance in Brazil?
I am amused by your notion of MySpace making a comeback. Did they ever leave? Certainly Facebook has captured a great deal of buzz recently, but with 105 million unique global visitors in December 2007 (ComScore), I don’t think MySpace is going anywhere anytime soon.
I think the success of MySpace in Brazil will be much more determined by the power of what they have to provide to the Brazilians and how that resonates with the people. Certainly, the quality of the translation we provide is a key component of that experience, but these sites are so experiential. It’s hard to judge where or why one will be successful over another.
9. Do you see a day when all people can talk to all people over the Internet? How far away is that day? What are the most formidable barriers?
Is the Internet the great Rosetta Stone?
I don’t think I am qualified to really address that question. That gets more to the heart of culture and cultural difference than anything else. Certainly, the web has grown up as an English-led experience, but that is changing rapidly. I suppose it’s possible to envision a day where like-minded individuals can congregate around a topic or a concept or an ideal online—regardless of language—but that day doesn’t seem near to me.
If anything, I think we might be going the other way where users retrench a little bit as more content is made available to them in their own language. But that should be relatively short lived, as the power of the collective global experience continues to flourish.
10. There are cases of localized social media companies that have over 90% market share. This sounds great except they have nowhere to grow. How could translation software solve this problem?
90% share of what I would have to ask? We translated content for our clients into 145 languages last year and didn’t come anywhere close to covering 100% of the Worlds population. If the World’s population is currently over 6.5 Billion people, and some 1.2 billion of those are online, these sites have a long way to go to reach saturation globally.
And that is really the key distinction. Clearly, this is a global phenomenon. If these sites can continue to paint a compelling value proposition for consumers around the world, and remain adept at tapping into the inherent need of people to connect with each other, then that 1.2 billion online (today) is their total market opportunity. They won’t get there in English alone.
11. I could not help but notice the Lionbridge and its representatives do not seem to participate in social media--no blogs, picture; no Facebook group or Twitter account. Not even MySpace or Hi5, your customers. Why is this? Does Lionbridge use social media behind the firewall for either employee collaboration or to work with Content Management System partners? Does Lionbridge plan to join the conversation in the future?
While not necessarily widely visible, we are doing many, many things in the medium as we define our approach.
We have quietly launched our company blog in December. Several employees have personal blogs where they discuss technology issues relevant to their work, or their interests. Our interpreter recruiting team in Washington DC is actively using Facebook to recruit people who speak a number of different languages. This is a perfect medium to find folks in, or just out of college, who may be native speakers of the languages we are trying to source, and are currently living in the US.
We are hard at work in other key networks to understand how to use the medium to meet our objectives, but it would be premature to disclose too many details on our plans. We are rapidly identifying areas where we can use the Social Media to impact our business. Suffice to say, we are active, if not entirely visible.
The reality of these communities is that they are not terribly relevant as a channel for someone marketing a B-to-B service…yet. The vast majority of our customers are just plain not present in these communities today.
12. Additional comments?
I would just say this is an amazing time to be considering global issues. With the weakness of the dollar and the slowing US economy, clearly companies are going to be talking more about their geo-diversification as a hedge against the US economy.
What we are already seeing is major US companies starting to disclose their percentages of global revenue and it’s staggering. This isn’t that it’s new revenue, it’s just the level of reporting is much clearer. We have inherently known much of this through our direct work in getting these companies to global markets, but to see publicly how that work is paying off in revenue is quite impressive.
The notion of a truly global economy has clearly arrived.